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Concept and general characteristics of ceramics for electric light sources

Pottery is made of ordinary clay, sintered in a kiln at a temperature below 1000℃; porcelain is made of pure clay, a certain amount of quartz and feldspar powder added, mixed evenly, molded into a certain shape, dried, glazed, and then placed in a kiln and sintered at a high temperature of 1200℃~1400℃.

With the development of production and the progress of science and technology, many new varieties are made by using the physical and chemical properties of certain materials, such as translucent alumina ceramics, metal ceramics, piezoelectric ceramics, etc. These products are called special ceramics. Although their raw materials have been expanded to chemical raw materials and synthetic minerals, their production process is basically the traditional method of ordinary ceramics, so they still belong to the category of ceramics. Based on this situation, in a broad sense, all kinds of non-metallic inorganic solid materials made by traditional ceramic production methods are called ceramics.

The reason why ceramics are widely used in electric light sources is that they have the following characteristics.

1) Ceramics can withstand severe thermal shock and can work normally at high temperatures (800℃) without being damaged.

2) It can work for a long time at high temperature without changing its strength, can withstand strong vibration and impact, and has no residual deformation under long-term mechanical load.

3) Ceramics have strong corrosion resistance and are very stable to long-term effects on moisture and chemically active substances.

4) In terms of electrical insulation performance, ceramic products are much higher than all other electric vacuum materials. It has high resistivity and is very stable over a large temperature range, and its dielectric loss value is very small.

5) The size of ceramic products can be processed very accurately as needed.

6) Ceramic degassing is more convenient and thorough than glass.

Due to these characteristics, ceramic materials are mainly used as insulating materials in electric light sources, and are used for high-power special bulb wick brackets and lamp holder insulators. Due to the emergence of translucent alumina ceramics, high-pressure sodium lamps have made great improvements in efficiency and life extension, bringing energy-saving lighting to a new level.

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